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Poliomyelitis (Polio) infection is caused by a virus which affects the nervous system and can lead to permanent paralysis, usually of the legs. Only a small number of cases become more serious. Most people infected will have very mild symptoms, or none at all.
Fever, tiredness, headache, vomiting, muscle stiffness in back and neck, pain in the limbs.
How do you catch polio?
Polio can be spread from person to person – through coughs or sneezes or contact with infected human waste – or by eating/drinking contaminated food and water.
Incubation period
7 – 10 days
Diagnosis
A stool or tissue sample is sent to a laboratory to confirm the diagnosis.
Prevention
A vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus is part of the UK routine vaccination schedule. A booster can be given if needed. Food and water hygiene is important – wash hands frequently and avoid contact with water that might be contaminated with sewage.
Treatment
There is no cure for polio. Medications can be given to ease fever, pain and vomiting. Medical support with breathing may be needed if the breathing muscles are affected.
Medical Director, MASTA
PhD MSc MBBS MRCGP FRCPCH FFPH FFTM RCPS(Glasg.) FRCP(Glasg.)
GMC No. 3115417Professor David Ross OStJ is the Medical Director of MASTA and has been associated with MASTA since 2005. He served 41 years in the Army, including over 10 years as senior advisor on public health to the UK Surgeon General. In 2012 he was appointed the Parkes Professor of Preventive Medicine, in 2014 an Honorary Queen’s Physician and in 2023 an Officer in the Order of St John.